About a testicular MRI scan
The testicles (testes) are two oval organs that hang in the scrotum, a pouch of skin below the penis. They make sperm and the hormone testosterone. A testicular MRI, also called a scrotal MRI, uses a strong magnetic field and radio waves, not X-rays, to show the testicles, the tubes and tissues around them, and the scrotum.
An ultrasound scan is the first test for most lumps, swellings and pain in the testicles, and it often gives a clear answer. A testicular MRI is used when more information is needed, for example:
- when the ultrasound result is unclear, to help work out whether a lump is inside or outside the testicle and whether it is likely to be harmless or a tumour
- to help plan surgery, including operations that aim to save part of the testicle
- to find an undescended testicle that ultrasound could not locate
- to look at the testicle after an injury, or at swelling or pain where the cause is not clear
Most lumps in the scrotum are not cancer, but you should always see a GP if you notice a lump, swelling or change in a testicle. Testicular cancer is most common in men aged 15 to 49 and is one of the most treatable cancers. MRI does not replace blood tests or, where needed, surgery to confirm a diagnosis.
What happens during the scan
You lie on your back on the scanner bed, usually feet first. You will change into a gown, and the scrotum is supported on a folded towel with a small coil placed over it; the radiographer will explain each step and keep you covered as much as possible. You can ask for a chaperone. The scanner is loud, so you will wear ear plugs or headphones, and the radiographer can talk to you throughout. An injection of contrast dye (gadolinium) is often used to show the blood supply to a lump; where contrast is needed, it is charged separately.
What the scan can show
A testicular MRI can help to look at:
- lumps and growths inside or next to the testicle
- whether a lump is more likely to be harmless or a tumour
- undescended testicles
- damage to the testicle after an injury
- cysts, fluid collections and swollen veins (varicocele)
- inflammation and infection
When to get urgent help: go to A&E or call 999 straight away if you have sudden, severe pain in a testicle, especially with swelling, being sick or tummy pain. This could be testicular torsion, where the testicle twists and loses its blood supply, which needs emergency surgery. Do not wait for a scan.
Preparing for your scan
No special preparation is needed, and you can eat and drink normally. Upload any previous ultrasound or scan reports and blood test results (such as tumour markers) when you book. If you would like a chaperone, let us know when you book.
You can usually eat, drink and take your normal medicines unless the scanning centre tells you otherwise. Wear loose, comfortable clothing without metal zips or buttons, and leave jewellery at home. You will be asked to remove metal items such as hair clips, hearing aids, coins and keys, and you may be asked to change into a gown.
Before the scan you will complete a safety questionnaire. Tell the team if you have a pacemaker, any metal implant, surgical clips or other device, if you have kidney problems or allergies, or if you are, or might be, pregnant or breastfeeding. If you feel anxious in enclosed spaces, let us know when you book. Some centres can offer a relaxant, and if you take one you will need someone to take you home and must not drive for 24 hours.
Frequently asked questions
Why do I need an MRI if I have had an ultrasound?
Ultrasound answers most questions about the testicles. An MRI may be suggested when the ultrasound result is unclear, to get more detail about a lump, or to help plan treatment.
Can an MRI tell if a lump is cancer?
MRI can show features that make a lump more or less likely to be cancer, and is used alongside ultrasound and blood tests. In many cases the diagnosis is confirmed only when the lump is removed and examined.
Can I have a chaperone?
Yes. You can ask for a chaperone at any scanning centre. Let us know when you book so the centre can arrange it.
Do I need a referral?
You can tell us if you have a referral from your GP, physiotherapist or consultant and upload it when you book. If you do not have one, select “no referral” when you book and the scanning centre will confirm the next steps with you.
Sources
- When to ask for an MRI of the scrotum (PMC)
- An Overview of the Role of Multiparametric MRI in the Investigation of Testicular Tumors (PMC)
- NHS – Testicular cancer: diagnosis
- NHS – Testicle pain
- NHS – Undescended testicles
- NHS – MRI scan
The information on this page has been gathered from various sources and is provided for general information only. It is not medical advice. TOP MRI is not liable for the accuracy or completeness of this information. Please speak to your doctor or the scanning centre about your own situation.